There, some students bought two fresh loaves of rationed bread for 15 cents from a state-run bakery, bought cigars from a tobacco farm and lunched in a casa particular, a private homestay, with a view of the mountains. With internet still largely inaccessible in Cuba, where connecting to Wi-Fi means buying a scratch-off card with a code to connect to a spotty—at best—internet connection, the students were forced into a digital detox.
But, as William Miller, the former vice president of the Patronato notes, the students' first priority was to support the Jewish community and build the bonds that tie Jews together the world over.
Those bonds are expressed in Cuba at lively community gatherings, for customs such as the weekly Havdalah ceremony, where a candle-lit prayer is chanted, arm-in-arm, to celebrate the end of the Sabbath and the separation of work and rest, and the annual Purim festival, where the story of Queen Esther and Mordecai is re-enacted, all with colorful costumes, candies and dancing.
UM Hillel began offering Alternative Spring Break trips in 2010, “as a way for students to engage and promote a core tenet of Judaism—to repair the world and leave it better than how it was found,” says Igor Khokhlov, executive director of UM Hillel.
On the island, the college students are “really engaging in people-to-people exchange with not just local Cubans, but Cuban Jews,” says Miller, who runs the tour and cultural exchange arm of the congregation. “This is very important to us. Not many groups are coming and doing the humanitarian work that UM Hillel is doing.”
The trips, the first to Argentina and the next to Brazil, Khokhlov says, also show Jewish-American students how Jewish communities in other countries express their Judaism in similar and different ways.
Until about 30 years ago, Cuba's Communist government heavily restricted the practice of religion for almost all faiths—except Judaism.
“Many in the Cuban Jewish community left for the United States in 1959, but some stayed behind,” says Miller. “Those that remained trusted that communism would work and so the Patronato and its leaders, notably the late Jose Miller, an Ashkenazi Jewish immigrant from Poland, built relationships with the newly installed administration.”
“As a result, there have been less hurdles to jump for Jewish groups from the U.S. trying to visit Cuba,” says Miller, the grandson of the Patronato’s founder, noting that travel restrictions for American groups have loosened considerably over the last decade. “It’s very important for us to communicate that, despite interaction being restricted for so long, this is happening, and we want everyone to know that they are welcome here,” Miller says.
After visiting decrepit Jewish cemeteries (described as a “heavy morning” by some students), and a festive afternoon at the Beth Shalom synagogue in Havana celebrating Purim—a celebration of resilience and fortitude—the students try to process their cacophony of feelings and impressions.
“Today for me was a day of emotions,” says freshman Jake Teplitzky, majoring in human and social development. “I felt all types of emotions, but at the end of the day what I felt most was how proud I am to be a Jew.”
“I love how tight-knit the community is here in the Beth Shalom synagogue,” adds Jessi Vishny, a sophomore media management major and pre-med student. “It’s so different from my family’s synagogue back home.”
One of the country’s six and Havana’s three synagogues, Beth Shalom is more than a place of worship for Cuban Jews. It is a vibrant cultural and community center where multi-generational families gather to celebrate holidays and traditions big and small. It boasts a library of more than 15,000 books in 21 languages and offers Sunday school classes and a community pharmacy for congregants. It even doubles as a youth center where teenagers can learn about sexual and reproductive health and practice choreographed dances to perform during the synagogue’s next community gathering.
The synagogue’s moderate resources, much of them donated by Jewish organizations in the U.S. and Canada, are an exception in Cuba. Escorted by a government-mandated sociopolitical tour guide through diesel-fumed air and streets lined with dawdling, bored residents, shantytowns of corrugated tin and aluminum, and Soviet-era cement block apartments, the students were struck by the rampant poverty.
“I don’t know what I was expecting, but I wasn’t expecting this,” says Jake Dannin, a junior majoring in business and political science. “I didn’t expect to see so much poverty everywhere. I thought only some of the areas or buildings would be poor or crumbling, not most of them.”
But, like many visitors, the students quickly realize how complex and mesmerizing Cuba is. The country’s austerity and deterioration still imparts a beautiful resilience amid its inherent sadness.
“The dichotomy of buildings and infrastructure is insane,” says Stoller, who works in the sound department of UM’s Ring Theater. “You look east down the Malécon (Havana’s major seaside boulevard) and you could be anywhere—in Tel Aviv or somewhere in Europe. But then you turn the other way—and see old and dilapidated buildings and exposed wires.”
Impressed with the Cuban people’s resourcefulness, some students agree the island’s motto seems to be “things are old, but still usable.” They also noticed that, despite the lack of basic necessities like medicines, medical equipment, and potable and running water—some water pipes have been in place since Spanish colonial times—nothing dampens the Cuban spirit.
Arts, culture and community abound on what seems like every other street corner, and the UM Hillel students never passed up an opportunity to join in.
“We danced with the Jewish community, served meals to those most vulnerable and witnessed the healing power of art,” says Rabbi Rothman.
Some students knew each other before the trip, either from Hillel services or events, or from Birthright Israel, a 10-day trip Israel sponsors and UM Hillel helps organize for Jewish young adults. For others, this was their first experience with UM Hillel.
“I was really nervous about coming on this trip because I didn’t know anyone, but I’m so glad I did,” says Rachel Schaeffer, a senior in sociology and pre-law student.
Established in 1941 and priding itself on being an “open and pluralistic community for all,” UM Hillel and its students proudly emphasize that “you don’t have to be Jewish to come to Hillel.” In fact, one student notes, she became involved with the campus organization after her non-Jewish friends raved about a Hillel social gathering in Miami’s Wynwood neighborhood to conclude Shabbat.
“We welcome not only the nearly 20 percent of UM undergraduates who identify as Jewish, but anyone who wishes to be part of the Hillel community—the largest Jewish campus organization in the world,” says Rothman, “and embrace all genders, sexual orientations, races and religions as a way for people from all walks of life to learn about each other, the Jewish community and its shared cultural heritage.”
UM Hillel also collaborates with other Jewish organizations and programs on campus, including the Sue and Leonard Miller Center for Contemporary Judaic Studies and the George Feldenkreis Program in Judaic Studies at the UM College of Arts and Sciences. All are eager to explore and further connect to Jewish communities in the Caribbean.
“We’d like to develop a program at the Miller Center that examines the history and culture of Jewish communities throughout the Caribbean, and looks at their relationships with the non-Jewish communities in those countries,” says Haim Shaked, professor of international studies and director of both the Miller Center and the Program in Judaic Studies. “As far as I know, there’s no other center like it.”
And as UM Hillel now knows, there is no place quite like Cuba.
“This trip is life-changing for me,” says Rachel Price, a senior pre-vet student who works in a parasitology research lab at the Miller School of Medicine. “I’ll never forget it.”
Despite their digital detox, the students were compelled to coin their own hashtag to convey their unique experience traveling in a country of fierce national pride, strong survivalist spirit and unrelenting rhythmic energy: #YOCO, for You Only Cuba Once.
- JESSICA M. CASTILLO / UM News
